This particular article posts the fresh AMS fourteen C schedules out of thirteen ponies in past times assigned to new Migration months, together with osteometric analysis and you can chronilogical age of ponies discover into the Lithuanian cemeteries of the third–14th C Advertising, over 200 some body as a whole. The research performance remedied current chronology of your burials, therefore the osteometric study let another assessment regarding if the ponies throughout the Migration months really are outstanding in proportions when you look at the the latest perspective out of Lithuanian horses throughout the third so you can 14th C Ad. This new plentiful research plus welcome an assessment of the development of the size and style and you will age the newest horses into the Lithuania between your 3rd and you may 14th C Post.
dos.step one. Zooarchaeological Data
Nearly eight hundred pony skeletal stays utilized in Lithuanian burial websites regarding the third–14th C Post was basically analyzed ( Contour step one ); not, on account of bad maintenance, only more than 200 people were right for subsequent dimensions and you will ages studies. The fresh new burial internet sites was indeed split up into around three chronological teams. A total of 21 people from 6 burial https://datingmentor.org/pl/quiver-recenzja/ web sites had been assigned with the Later Roman–post-Migration several months (3rd–7th C Advertising); 13 horses using this period was indeed privately AMS fourteen C-old. They certainly were someone chose for the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr research, the results at which are had written inside the a unique publication . To identify anywhere between horses (Equus caballus), donkeys (Equus asinus), and you may mules, the new strategy demonstrated because of the Johnstone are observed.
Area out of internet sites said about text message: 1-Paduobe-Saltaliune III, 2-Pagrybis, 3-Pavajuonis-Rekuciai, 4-Plinkaigalis, 5-Taurapilis, 6-Marvele, 7-Degsne-Labotiskes, 8-Jaksiskis, 9-Kretuonai, 10-Salakas, 11-Varliskes, 12-Obeliai, 13-Pakalniskiai, 14-Masteikiai, 15-Kernave, 16-Memelburg (Klaipeda), 17-Vilnius.
Several, except for seven anyone, was basically found in the Marvele burial website inside central Lithuania. Research of the archaeological context together with grave products lets so you’re able to expand relationship of some of your burials into the twelfth C Offer. For this reason, new formal stop of the Viking months (1066) has not been taken into account, each other by the calculate relationships of those burial websites and you will by historical and you may archaeological perspective: zero biggest break in the real history away from Lithuania till the institution of your own condition from the 13th C Advertisement is observed.
Ponies off around three burial web sites going back the newest 13–14th C Ad had been assigned to the gothic period. In cases like this, some of the burials could possibly time to your 12th C Advertisement but they are hard to separate on the afterwards of them. The new gothic horse classification in addition to included bones from ponies out of two castles plus one town of the fresh 13–14th C Post: twenty-five metatarsals and you will metacarpals had been chosen regarding Kernave medieval town, nine about Vilnius Lower palace, and you can 8 away from Memelburg, the newest castle of one’s Teutonic Order, present-go out Klaipeda. I have integrated ponies regarding the payment internet sites so you’re able to bring as objective a picture of medieval ponies you could, dependent just into people from average burial internet however, and from contexts linked to the higher social strata (Vilnius, Kernave) as well as the Acquisition. Overall, the fresh new stays out-of ninety-five people were checked out in the medieval several months. With this lookup, skeletal remains of all the Lithuanian horses proven to the fresh writers off 3rd–14th C Post burial internet was tested.
2. Thing and techniques
A number of the pony skeletons was in fact badly preserved and you may an inappropriate for osteometric studies, so that the number of individuals ranged with respect to study of their age and you can peak. The age of the fresh ponies was projected by the tooth eruption , wear of the incisors, in addition to top of your own premolars and molars . Collection period of the epiphyses has also been utilized for the age assessment. Withers height are projected off long bones specifications utilizing the corrected coefficients from Kiesewalter [34,35]. Horses was categorized predicated on Brauner’s metacarpal and you will metatarsal slenderness list class . Measurements according to von den Driesh were made having fun with a keen osteometric board and you can an electronic digital caliper with an accuracy away from 0.01 cm. Horse skeletons was in fact sexed according to research by the exposure out-of canine pearly whites in male horses over 4–five years old. But not, occasionally, gender of the animal cannot getting computed on account of shed bones. Enough time limbs specifications, gender, and the age of everyone are provided during the Tables S1–S4. To check to possess significance, i used an effective t-shot. Examined horses’ stays are stored in new Zooarchaeological Repository out of Vilnius College, Professors of the past. Pony away from Varliskes are kept in Kernave Art gallery, and you can horse skeletons off Paduobe-Saltaliune III and Salakas is stored in Federal Museum away from Lithuania.
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